What role does the ozone layer play in protecting the environment?

The ozone layer plays a crucial role in protecting the environment by absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. This absorption is vital because UV radiation can cause significant harm to both human health and the ecosystem. For instance, increased exposure to UV rays can lead to higher rates of skin cancer, cataracts, and immune system suppression in humans, as well as damaging effects on wildlife, particularly in sensitive species like amphibians and certain marine organisms. Furthermore, UV radiation can adversely affect plant growth, diminishing crop yields and disrupting food chains.

The ability of the ozone layer to filter and absorb the majority of the sun’s harmful UV radiation creates a protective shield around the Earth. This process not only contributes to the overall health of living organisms but also helps maintain ecological balance, making the ozone layer an essential component of the Earth's atmosphere.