Which of the following is an environmental advantage of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

The environmental advantage of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) lies significantly in their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Through biotechnology, scientists can develop crops that require fewer resources, such as water and fertilizer, which directly leads to lower emissions associated with their production. For instance, certain genetically modified crops are designed to be more resistant to pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. This not only lessens the chemical runoff into waterways but also enhances the overall sustainability of farming practices.

Additionally, crops engineered to grow in suboptimal conditions or to have higher efficiency in photosynthesis can lead to higher yields per unit area. When yields increase per acre, it can result in less land being needed to produce the same amount of food. This minimizes deforestation and habitat destruction that might occur as a result of expanding agricultural land, further contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions associated with land-use changes.

In contrast, the other options listed do not reflect the environmental benefits associated with GMOs. Increased pesticide spraying and decreased crop yields would not contribute positively to sustainability or environmental health. Similarly, requiring more land for farming would also be detrimental to environmental goals, as it could lead to habitat destruction and increased carbon emissions linked to land conversion.